Physician's Guide to Modalities

Suspected: Acoustic neuroma, multiple sclerosis, temporal lobe lesion, tumor, or stroke, sub or epidural hematoma, cyst

• MRI The most sensitive for suspected pathology listed all nine centers
• CT Less expensive than MRI but not as sensitive all but Bradenton

Suspected: Temporal lobe lesion, tumor, or stroke, multiple sclerosis, cerebrovascular accident, cyst

• MRI The most sensitive for suspected pathology listed all nine centers
• CT Less expensive than MRI but not as sensitive. all but Bradenton

CT is more sensitive in acute stage (1st 3 days) post cerebral hemorrhage.

Suspected: Tumor, abscess, arteriovenous malformation, trauma, cyst

• MRI Most Sensitive all nine centers
• CT Less expensive and less sensitive. all but Bradenton

CT is more specific for calcified tumors.

Suspected: Tumor or other space occupying lesion, mastoiditis sinusitis, hydrocephalus, cyst.

• MRI Most Sensitive all nine centers
• CT Less expensive and less sensitive. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Tumor or other space occupying lesion, Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA), cyst or multiple sclerosis.

• MRI The most sensitive for Tumor or Multiple Sclerosis. all nine centers
• CT Less sensitive for hemorrhage in acute stage 1st 3 days post hemorrhage. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Subdural or Epidural Hematoma, or other Hemorrhage, Infection, Abscess.

• MRI Most sensitive for Hemorrhage in Subacute Stage (4 to 10 days post trauma) or Chronic Stage (10 days or more post trauma), for infection or abscess. all nine centers
• CT Most sensitive for hemorrhage in Acute Stage 1st 3 days post trauma. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Acoustic Neuroma, Occipital Lobe Lesion, Optic Chiasm or Optic Nerve Lesion, Meningioma, Cyst, Olfactory Nerve Lesion.

• MRI Most Sensitive all nine centers
• CT Less expensive and less sensitive. all but Bradenton

CT is more specific for calcifying lesions.

Suspected: Metastasis

• MRI Most Sensitive all nine centers
• CT Less sensitive except for calcifying lesions. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Prolactinoma, or other Pituitary Tumor

• MRI Most Sensitive all nine centers
• CT Less sensitive due to scatter artifact from Sella Turcica. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) in mild traumatic brain injury or concussion — where cognitive fog, chronic headaches or emotional lability persist despite standard imaging being negative

• DTI Detects the microstructural white matter injury that standard MRI and CT miss. Consider when the clinical picture and conventional imaging disagree. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Proximity of critical white matter pathways — corticospinal tract, arcuate fasciculus, optic radiations — to the lesion

• DTI Maps the tracts in relation to the lesion for pre-surgical planning, so the neurosurgical team can see what is at risk before operating. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: White matter tract disruption in neurodegenerative disease

• DTI Assesses tract integrity where the diagnosis is unclear or the presentation is atypical for the suspected condition. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Subtle structural connectivity disruption acting as a seizure focus

• DTI Pinpoints connectivity abnormalities that may localize a focus not visible on conventional sequences. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Occult microbleeds, hemorrhagic diffuse axonal injury (DAI), or shear injury

• SWI Detects the small hemorrhagic foci that CT and conventional MRI miss. Consider when the symptoms outlast the imaging. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Acute thrombus, hemorrhagic transformation, or prominent cortical veins within the ischemic penumbra

• SWI Identifies thrombus and hemorrhagic transformation, and shows prominent cortical veins within the penumbra. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) from small-vessel disease, amyloid angiopathy, or hypertensive microhemorrhage

• SWI Maps the number and distribution of microbleeds, which points to the underlying small-vessel process. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Internal microhemorrhage, intratumoral calcification, or abnormal vascular architecture

• SWI Reveals internal blood products, calcification and vascular architecture that help characterize and grade the tumor. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Abnormal iron accumulation in the deep gray matter nuclei

• SWI Assesses iron deposition in the deep gray nuclei. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Occult low-flow vascular malformation, cavernoma, or arteriovenous malformation (AVM)

• SWI Detects low-flow malformations and cavernomas that are easily missed on conventional sequences. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Age-related atrophy — hippocampal, ventricular and cortical gray matter volume loss

• NeuroQuant Specify the Age-Related Atrophy report. It focuses on the hippocampus, ventricles and cortical gray matter. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Lewy body dementia, or progressive supranuclear palsy

• NeuroQuant Specify the Multi-Structure Atrophy report. It reads broader structural patterns to help differentiate the atypical dementias. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Whole-brain and thalamic volume loss alongside lesion burden

• NeuroQuant Specify the NeuroQuant MS report. It quantifies whole-brain volume loss and thalamic volume and combines with lesion tracking to evaluate disease modification. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Regional volume loss and left–right asymmetry across brain structures

• NeuroQuant Specify the TBI / Trauma report. It calculates asymmetry and regional volumes across a wide array of brain structures. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Asymmetric hippocampal or amygdala volume acting as a seizure focus

• NeuroQuant Specify the Seizure Asymmetry report. It measures right-versus-left hippocampal and amygdala volumes to help localize the focus. all but Winter Haven and Sarasota

Suspected: Carotid artery stenosis, or vertebrobasilar insufficiency

• MR Angiography Evaluates the cervical and intracranial arteries after a stroke or TIA, and grades carotid stenosis. all nine centers

Suspected: Cerebral, visceral or peripheral arterial aneurysm

• MR Angiography Detects and monitors weak, bulging areas in the arteries, and screens high-risk patients. all nine centers

Suspected: AVM, or an irregular connection between arteries and veins

• MR Angiography Identifies AVMs and unusual arteriovenous connections. all nine centers

Suspected: Thoracic or abdominal aortic dissection, coarctation, or intramural hematoma

• MR Angiography Images the aorta for dissection, coarctation and intramural hematoma — no radiation, no iodinated contrast. all nine centers

Suspected: Peripheral artery disease — atherosclerotic occlusive disease or limb ischemia

• MR Angiography Assesses occlusive disease and limb ischemia, and checks flow and patency in bypass grafts and stents. all nine centers

Suspected: Renal artery stenosis causing renovascular hypertension

• MR Angiography Investigates narrowing of the arteries supplying the kidneys. all nine centers

Suspected: Vessel wall inflammation or thickening

• MR Angiography Visualizes inflammation and wall thickening within large and medium-sized vessels. all nine centers

Suspected: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in the dural venous sinuses

• MRI Venography Images the major intracranial drainage channels to find clot in the dural sinuses. all nine centers

Suspected: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri) with venous sinus stenosis

• MRI Venography Checks the drainage veins for the transverse sinus stenosis that accompanies IIH. all nine centers

Also called pseudotumor cerebri.

Suspected: A vascular cause near the ear

• MRI Venography Looks for the venous abnormality behind heartbeat-synchronous tinnitus. all nine centers

Suspected: Venous compression or occlusion by tumor

• MRI Venography Shows whether the mass is pressing on or blocking nearby veins, which matters before surgery. all nine centers

Suspected: Hepatic vein thrombosis in Budd-Chiari syndrome, or DVT of the chest or pelvis

• MRI Venography Images the large systemic veins without radiation or iodinated contrast. all nine centers

MRV is not limited to the head — it covers the chest, abdomen and pelvis.

Suspected: Vascular malformation or an anatomical variant

• MRI Venography Maps abnormal connections and congenital variation in venous structure. all nine centers

Suspected: Arthritic Hypertrophy, Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP), bulging Anulus Fibrosus, Cord Tumor, Syringomyelia, Stenosis of Spinal Canal of Foraminal Openings, Non-displaced Fracture, Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

• MRI Most sensitive for various soft tissue structures-discs, canal contents, tumors or MS. all nine centers
• CT More sensitive for bony structures or for non-displaced fracture. all but Bradenton

Suspected: HNP, Recurrent HNP versus scar tissue, Ligamentous Tearing, Non-displaced Fracture, Syringomyelia, Infection, Recurrent Cord Tumor.

• MRI Most sensitive for Syringomyelia, HNP, or Post Surgery Evaluation. all nine centers
• CT More sensitive for non-displaced fracture. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Ligamentous Tearing or Laxity, Muscle Spasm.

• MRI Most sensitive for soft tissue structures and inflammatory reactions. all nine centers
• CT Most sensitive for bone pathology. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Metastasis to Spinal Cord, or bony structures, marrow changes secondary to systemic disease, pathological fracture from metastasis.

• MRI The most sensitive for evaluation of Metastasis or marrow changes a known area. all nine centers
• CT Sensitive for bony detail. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Arthritic Hypertrophy, HNP, Bulging Anulus, Cord Tumor, Syringomyelia, Stenosis of Canal or Foraminal Openings, Compression Fracture.

• MRI Most sensitive for various soft tissue structures-discs, canal contents, tumors, syringomyelia. all nine centers
• CT More sensitive for bony structures. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Compression Fracture, Syringomyelia, Recurrent HNP versus Scar Tissue, Recurrent Cord Tumor, Infection.

• MRI Most sensitive for various soft tissue structures. all nine centers
• CT Best for Bony Details. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Metastasis to Spinal Cord or Bony Structures, Marrow changes secondary to systemic disease, pathological fracture.

• MRI Most sensitive for evaluating soft tissue structures and marrow. all nine centers
• CT Best for Bony Details. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Arthritic Hypertrophy, HNP, Bulging Anulus, Conus or Cauda Equina Tumor, Stenosis of Canal or foraminal openings, Compression Fracture, Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, Tethered Cord.

• MRI The most sensitive for soft tissue structures, easily identifies aneurysms. all nine centers
• CT Best for bony details (bulging anulus versus osteopathic growth) also visualizes aneurysms well. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Compression Fracture, Neural Canal or Foraminal Stenosis, Infection, Recurrent HNP versus scar tissue, recurrent conus or cauda equina tumor.

• MRI The most sensitive for soft tissue evaluation post surgery or trauma. all nine centers
• CT Best for bony detail. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Metastasis to Spinal Cord or Bony Structures, Pathological fracture, marrow changes secondary to systemic disease.

• MRI Most sensitive for evaluating soft tissue structures, best for follow-up evaluation of known mets or marrow abnormalities. all nine centers
• CT Best for bony detail. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Glenoid Labrum Tear, Degenerative Joint Disease.

• MRI Most accurately depicts glenoid labrum glenoid fossa. all nine centers

Suspected: Full or partial thickness rotator cuff tear, impingement syndrome, fracture, synovial cysts, neoplasm, effusion, injection.

• MRI Most sensitive for partial thickness tears, same sensitivity as arthrography for full thickness tears, most sensitive for synovial cysts, impingement syndrome, neoplasm, effusion, infection all nine centers
• MR Arthrography equal sensitivity with MRI for full thickness tears, less sensitive for partial thickness tears. Palm Harbor, Lakeland, Brandon, Sarasota and Venice

Suspected: Metastatic tumor, occult fracture, marrow changes to secondary systemic disease.

• MRI Highly sensitive to metastatic lesions and marrow changes, can evaluate fractures in multiple planes. all nine centers
• CT More sensitive for bony detail. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Avascular necrosis, tummor, degenerative joint disease, occult fracture.

• MRI The most sensitive imaging modality for detecting in schemic necrosis in bone, only modality that images hyaline cartilage. all nine centers
• CT Good bony detail, sensitive for occult fractures. all but Bradenton

Hip prosthesis patients are safe to scan by MRI degradation of images may or may not occur depending on content of prosthesis.

Suspected: Vascular necrosis, intra-articular loose bodies, transchondral fracture, cyst formation, tendon or ligament tearing, soft tissue or bony tumor, fracture non-unions.

• MRI The most sensitive for soft tissue evaluation and chronic fractures, multiplanar evaluation advantages. all nine centers
• X-Ray Best for bony detail and morphology. all nine centers

Suspected: Age-related bone loss — routine screening

• DEXA Bone Density Routine screening is recommended for all women 65 and older. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: Early osteoporosis

• DEXA Bone Density Recommended below 65 when risk factors are present. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: Age-related bone loss in men

• DEXA Bone Density Usually evaluated on individual risk factors and clinical judgment rather than age alone. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: Previous fragility fracture

• DEXA Bone Density A fragility fracture at any age is an indication on its own. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: Hidden vertebral compression fractures

• DEXA Bone Density Measurable height loss can signal spinal compression fractures that have gone unnoticed. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: Drug-induced bone loss

• DEXA Bone Density Order at any age for three months or more of systemic corticosteroids such as prednisone, certain anti-seizure medications, or hormone-suppressing cancer therapy. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: Secondary osteoporosis

• DEXA Bone Density Order at any age when a bone-losing condition is present. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Rheumatoid arthritis. Chronic kidney or liver disease. Type 1 diabetes. Hyperthyroidism or hyperparathyroidism. Gastrointestinal malabsorption such as celiac disease or Crohn's disease.

Suspected: Hormone-related bone loss

• DEXA Bone Density Hormone changes accelerate bone loss well before the routine screening ages. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: Lifestyle-related bone loss

• DEXA Bone Density Consider at any age. Low body weight is typically under 127 lb or a BMI under 20 to 21. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: Response to osteoporosis therapy

• DEXA Bone Density Usually repeated every one to two years to track how well treatment is working. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: Structural or functional heart disease behind unexplained symptoms

• Echocardiogram Moving ultrasound images of the heart's chambers, valves and wall motion. No radiation. Palm Harbor, Wesley Chapel, Brandon and Sarasota

Suspected: Valvular disease

• Echocardiogram Characterizes the murmur and shows which valve is involved and how severely. Palm Harbor, Wesley Chapel, Brandon and Sarasota

Suspected: A structural cause for the arrhythmia

• Echocardiogram Follows up an abnormal ECG by looking for the structural disease behind it. Palm Harbor, Wesley Chapel, Brandon and Sarasota

Suspected: Heart failure, valvular or congenital disease, intracardiac thrombus, or post-infarction damage

• Echocardiogram Confirms the diagnosis and quantifies chamber size and function. Palm Harbor, Wesley Chapel, Brandon and Sarasota

Suspected: Progression of chronic heart disease, or prosthetic valve function

• Echocardiogram Tracks progression over time and checks how a prosthetic valve is working. Palm Harbor, Wesley Chapel, Brandon and Sarasota

Suspected: Reduced cardiac function affecting operative risk

• Echocardiogram Assesses cardiac strength as part of pre-surgical evaluation. Palm Harbor, Wesley Chapel, Brandon and Sarasota

Suspected: Early-stage lung cancer, before symptoms appear

• Low-Dose CT Lung Screening Annual low-dose CT is recommended for people at high risk of lung cancer. All four eligibility criteria below must be met. all but Bradenton

Age 50 to 80. A 20 pack-year or greater smoking history — packs per day multiplied by years smoked. One pack a day for 20 years, or two packs a day for 10 years, both qualify. Currently smokes, or quit within the past 15 years. No signs, symptoms or history of lung cancer. A symptomatic patient needs a diagnostic CT, not a screening exam. Criteria follow the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force lung cancer screening recommendation.

Suspected: Metastasis, Lymphatic Involvement.

• MRI Less sensitive than CT, but good for followup if CT is equivocal, images substernal lymphadenopathy well – no scatter artifact. all nine centers
• CT Equivalent to or more sensitive than MRI, less affected by peristaltic, respiratory and pulsatile motion, best for initial screen. all but Bradenton
• Ultrasound Offers high resolution imaging of lesions, good initial screen if small lesions are suspected. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Calcified plaque in the coronary arteries

• Cardiac Calcium Scoring A quick, non-invasive CT that detects calcified plaque in the coronary arteries and guides a primary-prevention decision. all but Bradenton

Best in patients with no symptoms of heart disease. Chest pain needs a diagnostic workup, not a calcium score. Most helpful at an intermediate 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk — roughly 5% to 20%, or a borderline-to-intermediate risk score — where the treatment decision is genuinely uncertain. Useful when the patient and physician are undecided about starting or restarting statin therapy. Generally recommended for adults over 40 who fall in that intermediate-risk band.

Suspected: Screening for breast cancer

• 3D Mammography An effective screening modality from age 40. We recommend repeating it annually. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening from age 40 and endorses tomosynthesis as an effective modality. The annual interval is our recommendation, not the USPSTF interval.

Suspected: Elevated lifetime risk needing earlier and additional surveillance

• 3D Mammography High-risk women often begin risk assessment and earlier evaluation around age 30. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon
• Breast MRI Add annual breast MRI alongside mammography once lifetime risk exceeds 20%. Palm Harbor only

Schedule premenopausal patients for the MRI on days 6–16 of the menstrual cycle.

Suspected: A small tumor obscured by overlapping dense tissue

• 3D Mammography Dense tissue appears white on a 2D X-ray and can hide small tumors. Tomosynthesis takes multiple thin slices, making abnormalities much easier to see through it. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: False positive from superimposed normal tissue

• 3D Mammography The layered images let the radiologist separate normal overlapping tissue from a real mass, which lowers the chance of an unnecessary callback. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: A new symptomatic finding needing diagnostic imaging

• 3D Mammography Ordered diagnostically, not as screening, to investigate a new breast symptom. Palm Harbor, Winter Haven and Brandon

Suspected: High-risk screening

• Breast MRI Recommended annually, usually alongside mammography, for women at high lifetime risk. Palm Harbor only

Schedule premenopausal patients on days 6–16 of the menstrual cycle (day 1 is the first day of the period). That window minimizes normal hormone-driven background enhancement, which can otherwise hide small lesions or make interpretation difficult.

Suspected: Tumor size, additional foci in the same breast, or disease in the contralateral breast

• Breast MRI Measures the tumor accurately and checks the rest of both breasts before an operation is planned. Palm Harbor only

Schedule premenopausal patients on days 6–16 of the menstrual cycle (day 1 is the first day of the period). That window minimizes normal hormone-driven background enhancement, which can otherwise hide small lesions or make interpretation difficult.

Suspected: Occult primary breast cancer with axillary nodal metastasis

• Breast MRI Looks for the primary when mammography and ultrasound cannot find it. Palm Harbor only

Schedule premenopausal patients on days 6–16 of the menstrual cycle (day 1 is the first day of the period). That window minimizes normal hormone-driven background enhancement, which can otherwise hide small lesions or make interpretation difficult.

Suspected: Tumor response to treatment

• Breast MRI Performed before, during or after neoadjuvant chemotherapy to see how well the tumor is shrinking. Palm Harbor only

Schedule premenopausal patients on days 6–16 of the menstrual cycle (day 1 is the first day of the period). That window minimizes normal hormone-driven background enhancement, which can otherwise hide small lesions or make interpretation difficult.

Suspected: Silicone implant rupture and the state of the surrounding tissue

• Breast MRI Highly sensitive and specific for implant rupture and leakage. Palm Harbor only

Schedule premenopausal patients on days 6–16 of the menstrual cycle (day 1 is the first day of the period). That window minimizes normal hormone-driven background enhancement, which can otherwise hide small lesions or make interpretation difficult.

Suspected: An unresolved finding needing problem-solving

• Breast MRI Clarifies confusing or persistent findings when conventional imaging is inconclusive. Palm Harbor only

Schedule premenopausal patients on days 6–16 of the menstrual cycle (day 1 is the first day of the period). That window minimizes normal hormone-driven background enhancement, which can otherwise hide small lesions or make interpretation difficult.

Suspected: Primary or Metastatic, Tumor Involvement, benign cyst, hemochromatosis, infection.

• MRI Equivalent to or less sensitive than CT, good for follow-up when CT is equivocal, best for hemochromatosis. all nine centers
• CT Equivalent to or more sensitive than MRI, less affected by peristaltic, respiratory pulsatile motion, best for initial screen. all but Bradenton
• Ultrasound Offers very high resolution imaging of lesions, good initial screen if small lesions are suspected. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Choledocholithiasis — stones trapped in the common bile duct, or gallstones

• MRCP Finds duct stones without radiation or an endoscope. all nine centers

MRCP is non-invasive and uses no radiation. It is often the safer first look before an ERCP.

Suspected: Biliary obstruction or stricture from scarring or inflammation

• MRCP Shows blocked, narrowed or dilated bile and pancreatic ducts and where the level of obstruction sits. all nine centers

Suspected: Pancreatic inflammation and its underlying cause

• MRCP Evaluates the inflammation and looks for a cause such as an obstructing stone or duct anomaly. all nine centers

Suspected: Pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, or a cystic lesion

• MRCP Detects benign and malignant masses of the pancreas and bile ducts. all nine centers

Suspected: Undiagnosed biliary or pancreatic disease

• MRCP Investigates unexplained symptoms when the source is not yet clear. all nine centers

Suspected: Altered post-surgical anatomy or a congenital duct defect

• MRCP Maps duct anatomy after surgery or when an endoscope cannot pass safely. all nine centers

Suspected: Primary or metastatic, tumor involvement, benign tumor or cyst, infection.

• MRI Best at evaluating wall invasion by Tumor growth best for follow-up after tumor sites have been localized with CT. all nine centers
• CT Good for initial screening and localization of gross tumors. all but Bradenton
• Ultrasound Best for initial screening of pelvic lesions, real time imaging offers best structure identification, very high resolution capabilities. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Clinically significant prostate cancer requiring localization before biopsy

• Prostate MRI Detects and localizes suspicious areas so the biopsy can be targeted (fusion) rather than a random sampling. Palm Harbor, Lakeland and Sarasota

Suspected: Hidden or anterior tumor missed by systematic sampling

• Prostate MRI Finds anterior and apical tumors that standard biopsies commonly miss. Palm Harbor, Lakeland and Sarasota

Suspected: Extracapsular extension or seminal vesicle invasion

• Prostate MRI Determines whether the tumor has grown beyond the prostate capsule into nearby structures. Palm Harbor, Lakeland and Sarasota

Suspected: Change in disease characteristics over time

• Prostate MRI Assesses disease characteristics and tracks change during close monitoring instead of immediate treatment. Palm Harbor, Lakeland and Sarasota

Suspected: Local recurrence

• Prostate MRI Checks for local recurrence when PSA rises after previous treatment or surgery. Palm Harbor, Lakeland and Sarasota

Suspected: Prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or a congenital anomaly

• Prostate MRI Evaluates severe inflammation, an enlarged prostate, or congenital anomalies. Palm Harbor, Lakeland and Sarasota

Suspected: Preoperative sizing and alignment for knee, hip or shoulder arthroplasty

• 3D CT-Based Planning Builds a volumetric model for preoperative sizing and alignment, and characterizes complex intra-articular fractures. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Craniosynostosis or another congenital anomaly, or complex facial bone fracture

• 3D CT-Based Planning Maps craniofacial and maxillofacial anatomy before reconstruction. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Complex scoliosis, canal stenosis, or a difficult screw trajectory

• 3D CT-Based Planning Evaluates the deformity and maps trajectories before instrumentation or fusion. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Peripheral bone tumor volume, or tumor proximity to critical vasculature

• 3D CT-Based Planning Gives a volumetric assessment of the tumor and its relationship to nearby vessels. all but Bradenton

We supply the volumetric CT dataset a radiation oncology team uses for 3D conformal planning (3D-CRT). We do not deliver radiation therapy.

Suspected: Organ and vascular anatomy before major surgery

• 3D CT-Based Planning Pre-surgical mapping of organ and vascular anatomy involving the major vessels. all but Bradenton

Suspected: Fixture position relative to the inferior alveolar nerve and the maxillary sinus

• 3D CT-Based Planning Guided surgery planning so the fixture is placed precisely relative to the nerve canal and sinus. all but Bradenton